Peru Flag History

By James Grant


The first national flag of Peru was created in 1820 when José de San Martín arrived with his Army of the Andes from Argentina and Chile. The Peruvian flag he designed combined the colors red and white, said to have been chosen because San Martín saw a flock of flamingos takes wing at his arrival.

Peru emerged from 20 years of dictatorship in 1945 with the inauguration of President José Luis Bustamente y Rivero after the first free election in many decades. But he served for only three years and was succeeded in turn by Gen. Manuel A. Odria, Manuel Prado y Ugarteche, and Fernando Belaúnde Terry.

On February 25, 1825, the design now in use was established. The red-white-red vertical stripes from the previous flag were retained, but the sun was replaced by a new coat of arms. Its shield is framed by one wreath (of palm and laurel branches) and surmounted by another.

The flag of Peru consists of three equal sized vertical stripes - the left and right stripes are red and the middle one is white. Peru also has a state flag which incorporates the shield from the national coat of arms in the middle of the flag.

The second quartering has a cinchona tree, the bark of which is used to make quinine. Finally, the bottom half of the shield displays a cornucopia from which spill gold and silver coins, symbolic of the nation’s mineral wealth. In addition, the white stripe of the flag is said to represent purity, and the red recalls the blood of patriots. As in a number of other countries, the civil flag flown by private citizens displays only the stripes, the coat of arms being reserved for flags serving official (i.e., government) purposes.

There is a barrage of cheap and inferior Peru flags being imported and sold, that do not comply with the flag statute. This is bad for a number of reasons. Some flags are cheaply made and more importantly, the designs, materials, colors, and methods of printing do not compare well with the better quality, longer-lasting, and correctly designed flags. The Flag Company Inc specialized in flag designs offered a special edition of decals and flags to memorize the history of Peru future.




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